汉译诺奖得主鲍勃·迪伦歌词六首 Chinese Translation of Six Songs by Bob Dylan

美国摇滚乐歌手、诗人鲍勃·迪伦“以伟大的美国歌曲传统创制了新颖的诗意表达方式”而荣获2016年诺贝尔文学奖。迪伦是个多才多艺的跨界艺术天才，才华非同一般，跨越很多领域：音乐（乐器、歌曲、演唱等）和绘画等都有卓越建树，音乐风格也跨越多种流派：民歌、摇滚、蓝调等等。迪伦一生中获奖无数，多数在音乐领域，获得文学类的殿堂级奖状也并非第一次，2008年他“以非同寻常的诗性力量为特色而谱写出对通俗乐和美国文化产生广泛而重大影响的歌词”而荣获普利策奖。

尽管我对迪伦的演唱没有太大感觉，但对他的歌词却非常欣赏，从思想感情和技术各个层面来衡量他的歌词都是不折不扣的诗，其中有些通俗易懂，有些晦涩难解，风格上有些深具哲理有些则质朴简单，但都具备一种共性：即超越时空的限制具普遍性和永恒价值。看看他在60和70年代写的歌词，如果盲读（不看写作年份、地点和作者），很多歌词依然与当代的“现实”息息相关。从中得出一个颇具讽刺意味的启示：最缺乏刻意勾划的特定时代色彩的作品恰恰是最富时代感且适用于任何时代！这种作品的永恒性来自诗人自身的人格力量和个性价值，不随波逐流不趋炎附势，不赶时髦，不沽名钓誉地“与时俱进”，不回避有阴影的历史，不刻意追求自身“永恒”的存在感。

坊间在留传迪伦拒绝诺奖的消息，从英文消息上还没搜到，我不知中文消息的出处在哪，英文消息到目前为止只是说迪伦还未与诺奖委员会接洽，他的网站也将与诺奖有关的消息撤除，诺奖委员会对迪伦的不屑表示了不满，究竟结果如何不得而知。不过按照他以往的叛逆性格，假如他拒绝诺奖，也是在情理之中，虽说诺奖是文学领域的最高奖，迪伦个人可能未必认同，或者他可能认为“自由价更高”，想继续叛逆以保持表达的自由。再说他本来就是奖状满满，其中包括2008年备受尊敬的普利策奖。他一直以反既定利益团体的独立形象出现在舞台上，也做过令团体内同仁深感惊世骇俗的事，比如自觉自愿地从犹太教皈依基督教，这对犹太人来说可以说是不可思议，以前很多犹太人皈依其他教是为了求生不得已，所以这次也不能排除他再来一次“惊世骇俗”的举动。

本文选择了六首迪伦的歌词汉译，旨在构画出他诗意的深度和广度，其中有些是家喻户晓的名作，涉及人生重大的思考难题，比如生存、死亡、信念和爱等，也有些是很微观很人性很轻松的歌词。

迪伦的歌词虽然属于通俗乐种类，其实并不容易译，难点在于两个分裂面：声音上用的是通俗的土腔口吻，但形上的思想和诗歌的表达方式却遵循优雅严谨的韵格，这不仅体现在节奏与歌词语境的完美契合与韵脚的严谨上，更难得的是他大量发挥头韵、中韵和尾韵的连接功能，使得韵声象水波一般持续流淌永不间断，这种韵格我在泰戈尔、博尔赫斯和布罗茨基的诗中经常见到，只有诗艺很娴熟的诗人才做得到。对于译者来说，既要传递这种暗藏的优雅，又要保留美式洋基民风“老土”和粗旷的犀利情调，简直有点象穿着西部牛仔服骑在马上风驰电掣的同时又不失英国绅士打马球时的优雅。迪伦是节奏大师，译文恐怕无法完全体现原文节奏上的完美，部分原因是汉英两种文字在字数上表达某一种意思时无法完全吻合，另一部分原因在于我对美国土风味浓重的语言缺乏对其内生韵律的把握，主要是平时很少听民俗音乐的缘故，与古典风格相比，我的民俗乐感相对弱些。译文的韵脚依照原文格式，其中也尽可能交织了部分头韵的效果。©H.L.Glennie

汉译诺奖得主鲍勃·迪伦歌词六首


一，遮风挡雨的归宿
［美］鲍勃·迪伦作
英诗汉译：牛娃娃
©H.L.Glennie

那是另一世，由血与汗筑凝
黑暗是德行，道路满是泥泞
我从野外来，隶属无形一族
来吧，她说
我会给你遮风挡雨的归宿

你可以肯定，假如我再次经过那里
我发誓，我一定会永远为益她而竭尽全力
在一个死神冷眼横陈的世界，人类为获温情而角力
来吧，她说
我会给你遮风挡雨的皈依

我们之间即使一语不发，也不危及心心相惜
在那个时点上对于万事我们心里都没底
只能力图想象一个永远安定与温暖之寓
来吧，她说
我会给你遮风挡雨的归宿

我听见新生儿哭号如哀悼的鸽子
缺了牙的老头们因无人爱在等死
天哪，我懂你的意思，这是不是太绝望和悲凉
来吧，她说
我会给你遮风挡雨的温床

在一个山顶小村，他们拿我的衣服赌博
我力求救赎而她却给我一针致命的注射
我奉献天真却得到鄙弃的回报
来吧，她说
我会给你遮风挡雨的倚靠

呃，我旅居异国他乡，可我命中注定会越界
美丽就是如履薄冰，某一天我也会加入此列
条件是我必须能将时光反转到神与她诞生之时
来吧，她说
我会给你遮风挡雨的皈依
©H.L.Glennie

这首诗的意蕴深邃，诗意多重，涉及人类生存中所关注的重大问题，不同的人可以读出不同的内容和所涉略的范畴：爱、生与死、信念等等。

I，Shelter from the Storm
by Bob Dylan

T'was in another lifetime, one of toil and blood
When blackness was a virtue the road was full of mud
I came in from the wilderness, a creature void of form
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

And if I pass this way again, you can rest assured
I'll always do my best for her, on that I give my word
In a world of steel-eyed death, and men who are fighting to be warm
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

Not a word was spoke between us, there was little risk involved
Everything up to that point had been left unresolved
Try imagining a place where it's always safe and warm
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

I was burned out from exhaustion, buried in the hail
Poisoned in the bushes an' blown out on the trail
Hunted like a crocodile, ravaged in the corn
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

Suddenly I turned around and she was standin' there
With silver bracelets on her wrists and flowers in her hair
She walked up to me so gracefully and took my crown of thorns
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

Now there's a wall between us, somethin' there's been lost
I took too much for granted, I got my signals crossed
Just to think that it all began on an uneventful morn
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

Well, the deputy walks on hard nails and the preacher rides a mount
But nothing really matters much, it's doom alone that counts
And the one-eyed undertaker, he blows a futile horn
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

I've heard newborn babies wailin' like a mournin' dove
And old men with broken teeth stranded without lov
Do I understand your question, man, is it hopeless andforlorn
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

In a little hilltop village, they gambled for my clothes
I bargained for salvation and she gave me a lethal dose
I offered up my innocence I got repaid with scorn
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

Well, I'm livin' in a foreign country but I'm bound to cross the line
Beauty walks a razor's edge, someday I'll make it mine
If I could only turn back the clock to when God and her were born
Come in, she said
I'll give ya shelter from the storm

《遮风挡雨的归宿》歌唱视频：

二，都得伺奉某个
［美］鲍勃·迪伦作
英诗汉译：牛娃娃 ©H.L.Glennie

你也许是驻英或驻法大使
你或许喜欢赌博，你也许喜欢翩舞翼翼
你也许夺得世界重量级拳击桂冠
你也许是社交名人戴着珍珠一长串
可你还得伺奉某个，必是这样
的确你就是不愿意也得伺奉某一个

好吧，这某一个可以是魔鬼也可以是神
可你就是不愿意也得伺奉这某一个
你或许是个摇滚乐烧友爱在台上蹦跶折腾
你或许听任自己吸毒，禁锢不少女人
你也许是个商人或高级小偷
他们可能称你为博士或魁首
可你就是不愿意也得伺奉某一个，必是这样
你就是不愿意也得伺奉某一个

好吧，这某一个可以是魔鬼也可以是神
可你就是不愿意也得伺奉这某一个
你或许是个州警，你也可能是个年轻的土耳其人
你可能是某个大电视网络的首领
你也许富也许穷，你可能眼盲或足跛
你也许用了一个假名住在另一国
可你就是不愿意也得伺奉某一个，必是这样
你就是不愿意也得伺奉某一个

好吧，这某一个可以是魔鬼也可以是神
可你就是不愿意也得伺奉这某一个
你可以叫我泰瑞，也可以叫我蒂米
你可以叫我鲍比，也可以叫我奇米
你可以叫我阿杰，也可以叫我雷
你可以随便怎么叫我但无论你怎么称谓
你还是不论喜不喜欢都得伺奉某一个，必是这样
 你就是不愿意也得伺奉某一个
好吧，这某一个可以是魔鬼也可以是神
可你就是不愿意也得伺奉这某一个
©H.L.Glennie

这首涉及哲思、宗教观和历史感。迪伦是犹太人，成年后转为基督徒，自称是“重生的基督徒”，这首是他在皈依基督教后写的，令他不少犹太朋友不快，约翰·列侬为此还专门写了一首歌《伺奉你自己》来针锋相对。

II，Gotta Serve Somebody
by Bob Dylan

You may be an ambassador to England or France
You may like to gamble, you might like to dance
You may be the heavyweight champion of the world
You may be a socialite with a long string of pearls
But you're gonna have to serve somebody, yes
Indeed you're gonna have to serve somebody

Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody
You might be a rock 'n' roll addict prancing on the stage
You might have drugs at your command, women in a cage
You may be a business man or some high-degree thief
They may call you doctor or they may call you chief
But you're gonna have to serve somebody, yes you are

Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody
You may be a state trooper, you might be a young Turk
You may be the head of some big TV network
You may be rich or poor, you may be blind or lame
You may be living in another country under another name
But you're gonna have to serve somebody, yes you are
You're gonna have to serve somebody

Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody
You may be a construction worker working on a home
You may be living in a mansion or you might live in a dome
You might own guns and you might even own tanks
You might be somebody's landlord, you might even own banks
But you're gonna have to serve somebody, yes
You're gonna have to serve somebody

Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody
You may be a preacher with your spiritual pride
You may be a city councilman taking bribes on the side
You may be workin' in a barbershop, you may know how
to cut hair
You may be somebody's mistress, may be somebody's heir
But you're gonna have to serve somebody, yes
You're gonna have to serve somebody

Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody
Might like to wear cotton, might like to wear silk
Might like to drink whiskey, might like to drink milk
You might like to eat caviar, you might like to eat bread
You may be sleeping on the floor, sleeping in a king-sized bed
But you're gonna have to serve somebody, yes
Indeed you're gonna have to serve somebody

Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody
You may call me Terry, you may call me Timmy
You may call me Bobby, you may call me Zimmy
You may call me R.J., you may call me Ray
You may call me anything but no matter what you say
Still, you're gonna have to serve somebody, yes
You're gonna have to serve somebody
Well, it may be the devil or it may be the Lord
But you're gonna have to serve somebody

《都得伺奉某个》歌唱视频：

 

三，神在我们这边
［美］鲍勃·迪伦作
英诗汉译：牛娃娃 ©H.L.Glennie

天哪，第一次世界大战
战事来了又去
为什么要打这一仗
对此我从来就是稀里糊涂搞不清楚
但我学会接受它
引以为傲地接受
你不去计算死了多少人口
只因神在你这边保佑

第二次世界大战
终于结束
我们宽恕了德国人
然后我们友好相处
尽管他们谋杀了六百万人
这些人被烧死在焚尸炉
德国人现在也有
神在他们这边眷顾

我学会恨俄国人
恨意持续我一生
假如另一场战争爆发
他们就是我们要与之战斗的敌人
恨他们也怕他们
要逃离也要藏身
对此勇敢地全盘接受
有神给我护佑之恩

©H.L.Glennie

这首思想价值很高，我觉得诗中表达的并非是一种宣传性和提倡性的歌德诗，而是引人入胜的思考，视角很尖锐，诗中提到很多历史上的非正义事件，如何将这些放在信念的光芒下审视是人类一直在纠结的问题，迪伦并没有因为相信基督教的上帝而装做看不见这些阴影。

III，With God on Our Side
by Bob Dylan

Oh my name it ain't nothin'
My age it means less
The country I come from
Is called the Midwest
I was taught and brought up there
The laws to abide
And that land that I live in
Has God on its side

Oh, the history books tell it
They tell it so well
The cavalries charged
The Indians fell
The cavalries charged
The Indians died
Oh, the country was young
With God on its side

The Spanish-American
War had its day
And the Civil War, too
Was soon laid away
And the names of the heroes
I was made to memorize
With guns in their hands
And God on their side

The First World War, boys
It came and it went
The reason for fighting
I never did get
But I learned to accept it
Accept it with pride
For you don't count the dead
When God's on your side

The Second World War
Came to an end
We forgave the Germans
And then we were friends
Though they murdered six million
In the ovens they fried
The Germans now, too
Have God on their side

I've learned to hate the Russians
All through my whole life
If another war comes
It's them we must fight
To hate them and fear them
To run and to hide
And accept it all bravely

But now we got weapons
Of chemical dust
If fire them, we're forced to
Then fire, them we must
One push of the button
And a shot the world wide
And you never ask questions
When God's on your side
With God on my side

Through many a dark hour
I've been thinkin' about this
That Jesus Christ was
Betrayed by a kiss
But I can't think for you
You'll have to decide
Whether Judas Iscariot
Had God on his side.

So now as I'm leavin'
I'm weary as Hell
The confusion I'm feelin'
Ain't no tongue can tell
The words fill my head
And fall to the floor
That if God's on our side
He'll stop the next war

《神在我们这边》歌唱视频（Joan Baez唱版）：


四，掀飘在风中
［美］鲍勃·迪伦作
英诗汉译：牛娃娃 ©H.L.Glennie

©H.L.Glennie

这首是迪伦的代表作之一，很有名的歌！我想这首的内涵深具普世性和永恒性，每个人都能以不同的角度结合自身的人生历程从中得到共鸣！

IV，Blowin' In The Wind
by Bob Dylan

How many roads must a man walk down
Before you call him a man ?
How many seas must a white dove sail
Before she sleeps in the sand ?
Yes, how many times must the cannon balls fly
Before they're forever banned ?
The answer my friend is blowin' in the wind
The answer is blowin' in the wind.

Yes, how many years can a mountain exist
Before it's washed to the sea ?
Yes, how many years can some people exist
Before they're allowed to be free ?
Yes, how many times can a man turn his head
Pretending he just doesn't see ?
The answer my friend is blowin' in the wind
The answer is blowin' in the wind.

Yes, how many times must a man look up
Before he can see the sky ?
Yes, how many ears must one man have
Before he can hear people cry ?
Yes, how many deaths will it take till he knows
That too many people have died ?
The answer my friend is blowin' in the wind
The answer is blowin' in the wind.


《掀飘在风中》歌唱视频：

 

五，通常
［美］鲍勃·迪伦作
英诗汉译：牛娃娃 ©H.L.Glennie


通常
我神志清楚专心致志
通常
我脚踏实地
我能循规蹈矩
辨识路况
曲径中不迷失方向
我能对付一切
不管撞到何种情况
我甚至没有注意到她已离场
通常。

通常这很容易明白
通常我即使做得到也不愿改
我可以搭配完美
我可以自主一切情形
我对付任何事都可以直捣核心
我能幸存我能忍耐
我甚至不会想到她还存在
通常。

通常我头脑清晰明鉴
通常我够坚强而不恨怨
我不会在幻觉中混混然病态
我不怕困惑不管事情有多繁复无奈
我以全人类的面目微笑欢悦
甚至记不得她唇与我紧贴的感觉
通常。

通常我甚至不将她放在心间
即使见到她我也不认识
我已将她远远甩在后边
通常我都吃不准
她是否曾经与我同在
抑或我是否与她有过曾经
通常我意犹未尽
通常我精准地知道该归咎于何因
我不自欺我也不逃避
将那深埋在内心的感情藏起
我不妥协也不扮假
我甚至不在乎是否还会再见她
通常。
©H.L.Glennie

这首是对自身的焦点审视：自身的印象与外界折射出的印象差别，有很强的心理共性。

  V，Most of the Time
by Bob Dylan

Most of the time
I'm clear focused all around
Most of the time
I can keep both feet on the ground
I can follow the path
I can read the sign
Stay right with it when the road unwinds
I can handle whatever
I stumble upon
I don't even notice she's gone
Most of the time.

Most of the time it's well understood
Most of the time I wouldn't change it if I could
I can make it all match up
I can hold my own
I can deal with the situation right down to the bone
I can survive and I can endure
And I don't even think about her
Most of the time.

Most of the time my head is on straight
Most of the time I'm strong enough not to hate
I don't build up illusion 'til it makes me sick
I ain't afraid of confusion no matter how thick
I can smile in the face of mankind
Don't even remember what her lips felt like on mine
Most of the time.

Most of the time she ain't even in my mind
I wouldn't know her if I saw her
She's that far behind
Most of the time I can even be sure
If she was ever with me
Or if I was ever with her
Most of the time I'm halfway content
Most of the time I know exactly where it went
I don't cheat on myself I don't run and hide
Hide from the feelings that are buried inside
I don't compromise and I don't pretend
I don't even care if I ever see her again
Most of the time.

《通常》歌唱视频：



六，不折不扣的第四街
［美］鲍勃·迪伦作
英诗汉译：牛娃娃 ©H.L.Glennie


你倒够胆声称你是我朋友
我倒霉时你只一边幸灾乐祸旁观
你脸皮厚到居然敢说你愿伸出援手
你充其量是站在胜者一方攀缘

你说我对不住你，你明知这是撒谎
假如你真地受到伤害，为啥你当时露不出任何迹象？
你说你已失去信念，这可真他妈的太扯蛋
你本来就毫无信念可言，你明知这一点

©H.L.Glennie

这首差不多是迪伦骂人的诗，因为他以前的民歌圈的朋友对他不义，需要释放愤怒，虽说是骂人诗，却也是一首骂得有理有节有分寸且又不失辛辣爽利的诗，能指范围极大，我敢说每个在网上遭遇过不公的博主都可以读着这首诗脑中映出你心目中那些极其可恶的面孔来，诗中没有特指骂谁，只有知道内情的人才知道所指。这首骂人诗还有一个优点就是这里没有一点人生攻击，骂的都是一些行为特征，有理有据。

VI，Positively 4th Street
by Bob Dylan

You've got a lotta nerve to say you are my friend
When I was down you just stood there grinnin'
You've got a lotta nerve to say you got a helping hand to lend
You just want to be on the side that's winnin'

You say I let you down, ya know its not like that
If you're so hurt, why then don't you show it?
You say you've lost your faith, but that's not where its at
You have no faith to lose, and ya know it

I know the reason, that you talked behind my back
I used to be among the crowd you're in with
Do you take me for such a fool, to think I'd make contact
With the one who tries to hide what he don't know to begin with?

You see me on the street, you always act surprised
You say "how are you?", "good luck", but ya don't mean it
When you know as well as me, you'd rather see me paralyzed
Why don't you just come out once and scream it

No, I do not feel that good when I see the heartbreaks you embrace
If I was a master thief perhaps I'd rob them
And tho I know you're dissatisfied with your position and your place
Don't you understand, its not my problem?

I wish that for just one time you could stand inside my shoes
And just for that one moment I could be you
Yes, I wish that for just one time you could stand inside my shoes
You'd know what a drag it is to see you



《不折不扣的第四街》歌唱视频：

本文图片来自网摘，诚谢作者！这里每首歌词的原文后边都附歌唱视频，供迪伦的歌迷慢慢欣赏。对歌词有兴趣者烦请在文后的投票栏里投个票，看看您最喜欢哪一首的译文：

我汉译的其他美国现代诗：


 英诗汉译狄金森诗：道全真且曲婉含蓄（汉译文两版本）

英诗汉译卡洛斯·威廉斯诗：夜莺
英诗中译卡洛斯。威廉斯诗：俄式先锋舞
尼代科《你是我的朋友》

汉译阿什贝利长诗《说明书》
汉译狄金森诗《我挺立的生命象一杆上了膛的枪》 

麦克雷须《诗艺》
考尔曼《少不了你》

斯泰因－美国现代诗史上的重大里程碑
蒂斯代尔《物物交换》
弗罗斯特《雪夜逗留林中》、《问询》
英诗中译：弗罗斯特的对联诗《奥祕知其妙》
译弗罗斯特诗《坡上融雪》

习译托耐娄诗三首：《香尘雾》、《钓诗》、《大地的舞乐》