桥上的人们
[波]维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡
英译:Stanislaw Baranczak and Clare Cavanagh
英译汉:牛娃娃 ©H.L.Glennie
一个古怪的星球,上面的人也古怪。
他们受制于时光,却拒不认命。
他们各有示威的奇招。
比如,制造一些画境如下:
乍一看,没啥稀奇。
你看到水。
还有水岸之一。
一只小船顽强地逆流而上。
河上一桥,桥上不少人。
看上去这些人在加快步子
因为雨正开始哗啦啦
黑云压阵。
这或许仅是一个小小的恶作剧,
在大到囊括两个银河系的规模中这仅属一件过时之物,
可是,让我们,万一忘记,
就于此记录在案最后一个点评:
历经数代,人人对此称好
高度赞誉这幅画,
赞它引人入胜感人至深。
某些人就连这都还嫌不够。
他们热衷到走进画中听雨声噼里啪啦飞溅,
感受冰冷的雨点透过他们的脖子钻入背脊,
他们观望那座桥和桥上的人们,
仿佛看到自己身历其境,
奔跑在同一个没完没了的竞赛中
穿越相同的永远无法抵达的距离,
他们以执着的精神深信
此乃真谛。
©H.L.Glennie
(此图为梵高临摹歌川之作)
The People On The Bridge
by Wislawa Szymborska
Translated from the Polish by Stanislaw Baranczak and Clare Cavanagh
Translated from English to Chinese by ©H.L.Glennie
An odd planet, and those on it are odd, too.
They're subject to time, but they won't admit it.
They have their own ways of expressing protest.
They make up little pictures, like for instance this:
At first glance, nothing special.
What you see is water.
And one of its banks.
And a little boat sailing strenuously upstream.
And a bridge over the water, and people on the bridge.
It appears that the people are picking up their pace
because of the rain just beginning to lash down
from a dark cloud.
The thing is, nothing else happens.
The cloud doesn't change its color or its shape.
The rain doesn't increase or subside.
The boat sails on without moving.
The people on the bridge are running now
exactly where they ran before.
It's difficult at this point to keep from commenting.
This picture is by no means innocent.
Time has been stopped here.
Its laws are no longer consulted.
It has been relieved of its influence over the course of events.
It has been ignored and insulted.
On account of a rebel,
one Hiroshige Utagawa
(a being who, by the way,died long ago and in due course),
time has tripped and fallen down.
It might well be simply a trifling prank,
an antic on the scale of just a couple of galaxies,
let us, however, just in case,
add one final comment for the record:
For generations, it's been considered good form here
to think highly of this picture,
to be entranced and moved.
There are those for whom even this is not enough.
They go so far as to hear the rain's spatter,
to feel the cold drops on their necks and backs,
they look at the bridge and the people on it as if they saw themselves there,
running the same never-to-be-finished race through the same endless,
ever-to-be-covered distance,
and they have the nerve to believe
that this is really so.
视觉与感情的互动程度在哪个临界点上成为错觉从而引起错误判断?人通过视觉产生某种感情(正向或负向)很正常,而这些感情通常又与“拥有”相关,“拥有”感的程度又决定了自身的存在感和价值感,所以最惨烈的争战通常与价值观念不同有关,一方价值要征服另一方的战争往往比资源掠夺之战更执着,因为后者只要掠得资源,目标已经达成,物质只是存在的手段,当存在自身是战事目标时,那可想而知这你死我活的程度。
诺奖得主辛波丝卡的诗所赋予的寓意似带点虚空感,很多事情,包括自身的存在,只要换种角度去看,或许没必要很执着,毕竟我们每个人只是沧海桑田之一粟,我们通过视觉而产生的感情,无论是正负向,真地就那么沉重地影响我们的存在感和价值观吗?
有些当然是,另一些则未必如此,没有必要太“拥有”,就这幅画来说,画中许多优秀“特质”都是欣赏它的人基于感情赋予它的,就好象有人会付四万九千美元去买一卷肯尼迪总统生前用过的胶纸一样,如果你抽掉其中人为的“特质”,那胶纸就不值钱了。如果看画的人能在“拥有”感上减少“投资”,那由此而来的期望和 “感情”也会相对减少,反之,如果“拥有”感走过头,追加投资,钻进画的牛角尖中走不出来,人与画就变成合二而一,任何不喜欢此画的人都会被视为死敌,因为这些人已经威胁到爱画人的“存在”,一旦对方被确认为“死敌”,你死我活的争斗就很难避免。这实际上是错觉!爱画也好,爱文本也好,人感觉中的“真谛”其实与视觉之外的真实状况相差十万八千里。透过现象看“本质”是人存在的一种“默认”状况(default),但很多所谓“本质”都是人的感情赋予的。爱时完美无缺的本质在恨时就转化成万劫不复了。
不执不舍所产生的“虚空”并不意味着对任何人和事无动于衷,而是让情感获得更自由的呼吸,这种自由来自摆脱自身桎梏的枷锁,学会从别人的角度来看问题,即使不认同至少也要理解对方的看法和行为是否合乎常理所能接受的规范,从而让自己的身心减轻在欢愉和痛苦这两极间波动的振幅,由此获得一种平衡和圆融。所谓放过别人也是放过自己。这点是说比做容易。我想,这是一种值得追求的目标。
这首诗提出了一个很有趣的讨论!当然,其中所转达的看法肯定不受索斯比拍卖行欢迎~~,这里拿画来说事,只是隐喻,感觉和视觉引起的感情以及由此导致的行为对个人和社会的影响则涉及个人的人生观和社会的集体意识和无意识。
诗中提到的画由日本浮世绘大师歌川広重所作,歌川的背景资料如下:
©H.L.Glennie
本文所有图片均来自网摘,诚谢作者!所附音乐为双吉他曲Fuga
Elegiaca,由意大利20世纪最著名的吉他曲作家马里奥。卡斯迪奥诺佛。泰迪斯科所作,巴西吉他双重奏组合演奏。
我翻译的其他斯拉夫语系的诗:
英诗中译帕斯捷尔纳克诗:冬夜
英诗中译帕斯捷尔纳克诗:关于这些诗
布罗茨基长诗:话语的一份子
布罗茨基:语后
帕斯捷尔纳克:一梦
帕斯捷尔纳克:秋
帕斯捷尔纳克:二月
普希金:别唱,我的美人(格卢西亚之歌)
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